Arunachal Pradesh finds mention in the literature such as the Kalika Purana and in the epics of Mahabharata and Ramayana.

It is believed that sage Vyasa meditated here and also that the remains of the brick structure, scattered around two villages in the hills north of ruing was the palace of Rukmini, the consort of Lord Krishna.

The sixth Dalai Lama was also born on the soil of Arunachal Pradesh.